In total, there are many dozens of land trust and conservation organizations active in California, with thousands of acres preserved on public and private lands through their efforts. The largest private preserve is the 93,000 acres (380 km 2) Wind Wolves Preserve owned by the aforementioned Wildlands Conservancy. Many are eventually transferred to public agencies, but the Conservancy still owns and maintains several substantial preserves, including the Gray Davis/Dye Creek Preserve, Vina Plains Preserve, McCloud River Preserve, Cosumnes River Preserve, Santa Cruz Island, Irvine Ranch Wildlands and the Santa Rosa Plateau Ecological Reserve. The Nature Conservancy has been involved in over 100 projects in the state since 1958. The Wildlands Conservancy is the largest owner of protected lands with 180,686 acres (731.21 km 2). In addition to the many public lands are about 550,000 acres (2,200 km 2) of privately owned preserves. There are 22 rivers in California with portions designated as Wild and Scenic, with 23 designations in all (the American River has two separate designations, one for the North Fork, and one for the Lower section). Rivers designated as Wild and Scenic are administered by one of four federal land management agencies: The Bureau of Land Management, The National Park Service, The U.S.
Main article: List of National Wild and Scenic Rivers 14 Largest land owners of protected lands.11 Department of Fish and Wildlife Protected Areas.6 National Wilderness Preservation System.2.6 Wilderness and wilderness study areas.2.5 National scenic and historic trails.2 National Landscape Conservation System.Despite the difficulties, the CPAD gives the total area of protected land at 49,294,000 acres (199,490 km 2), or 47.05% of the state (not including easements) a considerable amount for the most populous state in the country. The Cosumnes River Preserve is an extreme example, owned and managed by a handful of public agencies and private landowners, including the Bureau of Land Management, the County of Sacramento and The Nature Conservancy. Over 90% of Yosemite National Park for example, is listed both as wilderness by the National Wilderness Preservation System, and as national park land by the National Park Service. Also, occasionally one parcel of land is included in two or more inventories. Many parcels have inholdings, private lands within the protected areas, which may or may not be accounted for when calculating total area.
Obtaining an accurate total of all protected land in California and elsewhere is a complex task. The California State Parks system alone has 270 units and covers 1.3 million acres (5,300 km 2), with over 280 miles (450 km) of coastline, 625 miles (1,006 km) of lake and river frontage, nearly 18,000 campsites, and 3,000 miles (5,000 km) of hiking, biking, and equestrian trails. They include almost one-third of California's scenic coastline, including coastal wetlands, estuaries, beaches, and dune systems. In addition, there are private conservation areas and other easements. According to the California Protected Areas Database (CPAD), in the state of California, United States, there are over 14,000 inventoried protected areas administered by public agencies and non-profits.
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